Civil Service Mains Optional MALAYALAM

MALAYALAM

PAPER-I

(Answers must be written in Malayalam)
Section-A

Unit 1-Early phase of Malayalam
Language:

1.1 Various theories: origin from proto
Dravidian, Tamil, Sanskrit.

1.2 Relation between Tamil and
Malayalam: Six nayas of A.R.
Rajarajavarma.

1.3 Pattu school-definition, Ramachari-tam, later pattu works-Niranam works and
Krishnagatha.

Unit 2-Linguistic features of :

2.1 Manipravalam-definition. Language of
early manipravala works-Champu,
Sandesakavya, Chandrotsava, minor
works. Later Manipravala works-medieval
Champu and Attakkatha.

2.2 Folklore-Southern and Northern bal-lads, Mappila songs.

2.3 Early Malayalam prose-Bhashakau-taliyam, Brahmandapuranam, Attap-rakaram, Kramadipika and Nambiantamil.

Unit 3-Standardisation of Malayalam:

3.1 Peculairities of the language of Pana,
Kilippattu and Tullal.

3.2 Contributions of indigenous and Eu-ropean missionaries to Malayalam.

3.3 Characteristics of contemporary
Malayalam : Malayalam as administravie
language. Language of scientific and tech-nical literature-media language.

Section-B
Literary History

Unit-4 Ancient and Medieval Literature:

4.1 Pattu-Ramacharitam, Niranam works
and Krishnagatha.

4.2 Manipravalam-early and medieval
manipravala works including attakkatha
and champu.

4.3 Folk literature.

4.4 Kilippattu, Tullal and Mahakavya.

Unit 5- Modern Literature-Poerty:

5.1 Venmani poets and contemporaries.

5.2 The advent of Romanticism-Poerty of
Kavitraya i.e., Asan, Ulloor and Vallathol

5.3 Poetry after Kavitraya.

5.4 Modernism in Malayalam poetry.

Unit 6- Modern Literature-Prose:

6.1 Drama

6.2 Novel

6.3 Short story

6.4 Biography, travelogue, essay and criti-cism.

PAPER-II


(Answers must be written in Malayalam)
This paper will require first hand reading
of the texts prescribed and is designed
to test the candidate's critical ability.

Section-A

Unit 1
1.1 Ramacharitam-Patalam 1.

1.2 Kannassaramayanam-Balakandam
first 25 stanzas.

1.3 Unnunilisandesam-Purvabhagam 25
slokas including Prastavana

1.4 Mahabharatham Kilippattu

Bhishmaparvam.

Unit 2
2.1 Kumaran Asan-Chintavisthayaya Sita.

2.2 Vailoppilli-Kutiyozhikkal.

2.3 G. Sankara Kurup-Perunthachan.

2.4 N.V. Krishna Variar-Tivandiyile Pattu.

Unit 3

3.1 ONV -Bhumikkoru Charamagitam

3.2 Ayyappa Panicker-Kurukshetram.

3.3 Akkittam-Pandatha Messanthi

3.4 Attur Ravivarma-Megharupan.

Section-B

Unit 4

4.1 O. Chanthu Menon-Indulekha

4.2 Thakazhy-Chemmin.

4.3 O V Vijayan-Khasakkinte Ithihasam.

Unit 5

5.1 MT Vasudevan Nair-Vanaprastham
(Collection).

5.2 N S Madhavan-Higvitta (Collection).

5.3 C J. Thomas-1128-il Crime 27.

Unit 6

6.1 Kuttikrishna Marar-Bharataparyat-anam

6.2 M.  K  Sanu-Nakshatrangalute
snehabhajanam

6.3 V.T. Bhattathirippad-Kannirum
Kinavum