Civil Service Mains Optional MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING



PAPER - I

1. Mechanics:

1.1 Mechanics of rigid bodies:
Equations of equilibrium in space and its
application; first and second moments of
area; simple problems on friction; kinemat-ics of particles for plane motion; elemen-tary particle dynamics.
1.2 Mechanics of deformable bodies:
Generalized Hooke’s law and its applica-tion; design problems on axial stress, shear
stress and bearing stress; material proper-ties for dynamic loading; bending shear
and stresses in beams;. determination of
principle stresses and strains - analytical
and graphical; compound and combined
stresses; bi-axial stresses - thin walled
pressure vessel; material behaviour and
design factors for dynamic load; design of
circular shafts for bending and torsional
load only; deflection of beam for statically
determinate problems; theories of failure.

2. Engineering Materials:
Basic concepts on structure of solids; com-mon ferrous and non-ferrous materials and
their applications; heat-treatment of steels;
non-metals- plastics, ceramics, composite
materials and nano-materials.

3.Theory of Machines:
Kinematic and dynamic analysis of plane
mechanisms. Cams, Gears and epicyclic
gear trains, flywheels, governors, balanc-ing of rigid rotors, balancing of single and
multicylinder engines, linear vibration
analysis of mechanical systems (single
degree of freedom), Critical speeds and
whirling of shafts.

4.  Manufacturing Science:
4.1 Manufacturing Process:
Machine tool engineering – Merchant’s
force analysis; Taylor’s tool life equation;
conventional machining; NC and CNC
machining process; jigs and fixtures.
Non-conventional machining – EDM, ECM,
ultrasonic, water jet machining etc; appli-cation of lasers and plasmas; energy rate
calculations.
Forming and welding processes- standard
processes.
Metrology - concept of fits and tolerances;
tools and gauges; comparators; inspection
of length; position; profile and surface finish.
4.2. Manufacturing Management:
System design: factory location- simple OR
models; plant layout - methods based; ap-plications of engineering economic analy-sis and break- even analysis for product
selection, process selection and capacity
planning; predetermined time standards.
System planning; forecasting methods
based on regression and decomposition,
design and balancing of multi model and
stochastic assembly lines; inventory man-agement – probabilistic inventory models
for order time and order quantity determi-nation; JIT systems; strategic sourcing;
managing inter plant logistics.
System operations and control: Schedul-ing algorithms for job shops; applications
of statistical methods for product and pro-cess quality control - applications of con-trol charts for mean, range, percent defec-tive, number of defectives and defects per
unit; quality cost systems; management of
resources, organizations and risks in
projects.
System improvement: Implementation of
systems, such as total quality management,
developing and managing flexible, lean
and agile organizations.


PAPER - II

1. Thermodynamics, Gas Dynamics and
Turbine:
1.1Basic concept of First –law and second
law of Thermodynamics; concept of entropy
and reversibility; availability and unavail-ability and irreversibility.
1.2  Classification and properties of fluids;
incompressible and compressible fluids
flows; effect of Mach number and compress-ibility; continuity momentum and energy
equations; normal and oblique shocks; one
dimensional isentropic flow; flow or fluids in
duct with frictions that transfer.
1.3Flow through fans, blowers and com-pressors; axial and centrifugal flow con-figuration; design of fans and compressors;
single problems compresses and turbine
cascade; open and closed cycle gas tur-bines; work done in the gas turbine; reheat
and regenerators.

2. Heat Transfer:
2.1Conduction heat transfer- general con-duction equation - Laplace, Poisson and
Fourier equations; Fourier law of conduc-tion; one dimensional steady state heat
conduction applied to simple wall, solid and
hollow cylinder & spheres.
2.2Convection heat transfer- Newton’s law
of convection; free and forces convection;
heat transfer during laminar and turbulent
flow of an incompressible fluid over a flat
plate; concepts of Nusselt number, hydro-dynamic and thermal boundary layer their
thickness; Prandtl number; analogy be-tween heat and momentum transfer-Reynolds, Colbum, Prandtl analogies; heat
transfer during laminar and turbulent flow
through horizontal tubes; free convection
from horizontal and vertical plates.
2.3Black body radiation - basic radiation
laws such as Stefan-Boltzman, Planck dis-tribution, Wein’s displacement etc.
2.4Basic heat exchanger analysis; classi-fication of heat exchangers.

3. I .C. Engines:
3.1Classification, thermodynamic cycles
of operation; determination of break power,
indicated power, mechanical efficiency,
heat balance sheet, interpretation of per-formance characteristics, petrol, gas and
diesel engines.
3.2Combustion in SI and CI engines, nor-mal and abnormal combustion; effect of
working parameters on knocking, reduc-tion of knocking; Forms of combustion
chamber for SI and CI engines; rating of
fuels; additives; emission.
3.3Different systems of IC engines- fuels;
lubricating; cooling and transmission sys-tems. Alternate fuels in IC engines.

4. Steam Engineering:
4.1Steam generation- modified Rankine
cycle analysis; Modern steam boilers;
steam at critical and supercritical pressures;
draught equipment; natural and artificial
draught; boiler fuels solid, liquid and gas-eous fuels. Steam turbines - principle;
types; compounding; impulse and reaction
turbines; axial thrust.
4.2Steam nozzles- flow of steam in con-vergent and divergent nozzle; pressure at
throat for maximum discharge with differ-ent initial steam conditions such as wet,
saturated and superheated, effect of varia-tion of back pressure; supersaturated flow
of steam in nozzles, Wilson line.
4.3Rankine cycle with internal and exter-nal irreversibility; reheat factor; reheating
and regeneration, methods of governing;
back pressure and pass out turbines.
4.4Steam power plants - combined cycle
power generation; heat recovery steam
generators (HRSG) fired and unfired, co-generation plants.

5. Refrigeration and air-conditioning:
5.1Vapour compression refrigeration cycle
- cycle on p-H & T-s diagrams; eco-friendly
refrigerants - R134a,123; Systems like
evaporators, condensers, compressor, ex-pansion devices. Simple vapour absorp-tion systems.
5.2Psychrometry - properties; processes;
charts; sensible heating and cooling; hu-midification and dehumidification effective
temperature; air-conditioning load calcu-lation; simple duct design.